18 Haziran 2015 Perşembe

Dawn Phenomenon and the Somogyi Effect-USMLE CK



For Dawn phenomenon HYPER -INCREASE INSULIN 
For Somogyi phenomenon HYPO -DECREASE INSULIN

In other way which we are giving insulin :---
Somogyi = so much insulin. 
Dawn = down insulin.

6 Haziran 2015 Cumartesi

Lyme disease




Lyme disease.Erythema chronicum migrans. Expanding “bull’s eye” red rash.

Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi,which is transmitted by the tick Ixodes A (also vector for Babesia). Natural reservoir is the mouse.Mice are important to tick life cycle.

Common in northeastern United States.


Initial symptoms—erythema chronicum migrans, flu-like symptoms, +/- facial nerve palsy.
Later symptoms—monoarthritis (large joints) and migratory polyarthritis, cardiac (AV nodal block), neurologic (encephalopathy, facial nerve palsy, polyneuropathy).


    Treatment: doxycycline, ceftriaxone.

    1 Haziran 2015 Pazartesi

    Thyrotoxicosis with low radioactive iodine

    The most important cause of thyrotoxicosis with low radioactive iodine uptake include:

    1.Subacute painless thyroiditis
    2.subacute granulomatous thyroiditis
    3.iodine induced thyroid toxicosis
    4.levothyroxine overdose
    5.Struma ovarii